Heavy Crude Oils: From Geology to Upgrading : an Overview

Couverture
Editions TECHNIP, 2011 - 442 pages
Heavy oils, extra-heavy oils and tar sands are major players for the future of energy.They represent a massive world resource, at least the size of conventional oils. They are found all over the world but Canada and Venezuela together account, by themselves, for more than half of world deposits. They share the same origin as the lighter conventional oils, but their geological fate drove them into thick, viscous tar-like crude oils. Most of them result from alteration processes mediated by microbial degradation. They are characterized by a low content of lighter cuts and a high content of impurities such as sulfur and nitrogen compounds and metals ; so, their production is difficult and deployment of specific processes is required in order to enhance their transportability and to upgrade them into valuable products meeting market needs, and honouring environmental requirements.Although these resources are increasingly becoming commercially producible, less than 1% of total heavy crude oil deposits worldwide are under active development. The voluntarily wide scope of this volume encompasses geology, production, transportation, upgrading, economics and environmental issues of heavy oils. It does not pretend to be exhaustive, but to provide an authoritative view of this very important energy resource.
 

Table des matières

PART
1
3
5
5
6
Chapter
7
2
17
1
21
Chapter
23
Geological Origin of Heavy Crude Oils
25
2
212
14
215
6
223
72
225
15
228
7
232
157
236
49
239

Conclusion
31
Chemical Characterization
40
3
41
Spectroscopy Colloidal Characterization 4 2 3 1 Vapor Pressure Osmometry VPO 4 2 3 2 Size Exclusion Chromatography SEC 4 2 3 3 Mass Spectro...
48
1
50
1
60
PART 2
63
Example of Heavy Oil Fluvial Reservoirs of the Mannville Group
71
1
82
Mining and Processing
83
Cold Production
93
4
101
36
166
3
175
45
182
PART 3
189
1
191
11
193
48
199
4
206
13
209
73
257
A Quignard S Kressmann
259
Visbreaking Chemistry
263
76
264
Product Quality
269
17
279
19
297
PART 5
333
21
334
Natural Gas Issue
340
A Quignard
349
84
359
85
376
In Situ Upgrading of Heavy Oil and Bitumen
387
Chapter 24
403
86
405
88
411
Conclusion
425
Glossary
433
Nomenclature
441
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À propos de l'auteur (2011)

 HUC Alain-Yves

Alain-Yves Huc is Associate Director of the Geology-Geochemistry-Geophysics Division and Expert Director at IFP Energies nouvelles. He holds a PhD from Louis Pasteur University (Strasbourg, France). After being a postdoctoral research fellow at Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution (Massachusetts, USA) and a CNRS Research Associate (Orléans University, France), he joined IFP Energies nouvelles where he was head of the Geochemistry Department from 1988 to 2000.

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