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Catalysis by Transition Metal Sulphides

From Molecular Theory to Industrial Application


Authors : RAYBAUD Pascal

RAYBAUD Pascal

Pascal Raybaud graduated from the École Nationale Supérieure des Mines de Nancy in 1992, and from the École Nationale Supérieure du Pétrole et des Moteurs (IFP School) in 1995, received a PhD jointly from the Technical University of Vienna, Austria, and Pierre and Marie Curie University, Paris, in 1998, and a national accreditation to supervise research from the École Normale Supérieure de Lyon, in 2009. He received the award of the Catalysis Division of the French Chemical Society in 2010. He is project manager, and expert in catalysis and theoretical chemistry in the Catalysis and Separation Division of IFP Energies nouvelles, based in Lyon

, TOULHOAT Hervé

TOULHOAT Hervé

Hervé Toulhoat graduated from the École Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Paris in 1976, received a PhD in chemical engineering from the École Nationale Supérieure des Mines de Paris in 1980, and a national accreditation to supervise research from Pierre and Marie Curie University, Paris, in 2002. He is Deputy Director of the Scientific Management of IFP Energies nouvelles, based in Rueil-Malmaison. He is also a member of the editorial board of Journal of Catalysis.


ISBN : 9782710809913
trade paperback      170 x 240 mm      832 pages
Publication date : March 2013

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The main application of Transition Metal Sulphides (TMS) as solid catalysts is for production of clean fuels in petroleum refineries. The various feedstocks to be processed all contain more or less sulphur, included in highly stable heteroaromatic molecules. In order to meet the stringent specifications imposed worldwide nowadays on transportation fuels to reduce their environmental impact, catalytic hydroprocessing remains essential. In this process, sulphur is removed as H2S following the reaction between molecular hydrogen and the heteroaromatics. The reaction conditions and reaction medium composition are such that only TMS provide stable catalysts, generally supported on alumina. Both for their fundamental and applied interest, these fascinating systems are still the subject of a very significant research effort, while major advances have been made over the past 30 years, involving innovative preparation routes, sophisticated surface science experiments for characterisation, detailed kinetic and mechanistic studies, and state of the art DFT simulations giving unprecedented insight into the local structure as well as elementary steps at microscopic level.
This book aims at providing a complete, comprehensive and updated survey of the field, useful for anyone involved: the student starting a research project, the academic researcher or the refinery engineer willing to deepen their knowledge on the catalytic as well as on the process aspects. 37 specialists from IFP Energies nouvelles, CNRS, or French universities have contributed, reporting a unique synthesis of the last 15 years of research. The preface written by Michèle Breysse, a well known leading scientist who devoted most of her fruitful career to this topic, puts this collective work into a meaningful historical perspective.


Contents :


Part 1. Fundamental Aspects: Insights from DFT calculations and experimental surface sciences. 1. Periodic trends in catalysis by sulphides. 2. Atomic scale structures of mixed lamellar sulphides. 3. Theoretical and microkinetic studies of hydrotreatment reactions. 4. Models of supported Co(Ni)MoS Catalysts. Part 2. Progress in the preparation and characterisation of industrial hydrotreating catalysts. 1. Principles involved in the preparation of hydrotreatment catalysts. 2. Progress in the preparation of new catalysts. 3. Progress in the preparation of catalysts with controlled acidity: case of aluminosilicate supports. 4. Activation and genesis of the active phase by sulfidation. 5. life cycle of an HDT catalyst. 6. Charaterisation of catalysts. Part 3. Applications to the production of clean fuels. 1. An overview of refining. 2. Deep desulphurisation of middle distillates. 3. Selective desulphurisation of catalytic cracking gasolines. 4. Hydrocracking. 5. Hydroprocessing and hydroconversion of residue fractions. 6. Hydrotreatment of vegetable oils. 7. Hydroconversion of coals. Conclusion.